Game and Work

如果说潮州八景是代表潮州这个城市的话，那么，工夫茶就是代表着潮州的人民。   本文由友味名茶铁观音茶叶www.axcy.org网站网络收集整理。
不管是在什么地方，只要有潮州人的地方就有工夫茶；其他地方的人的眼理，潮州人最容易让人联想到的是做生意另外技术工夫茶了。   本文由友味名茶铁观音茶叶www.axcy.org网站网络收集整理。
潮州工夫茶不止只是一种饮料，它还是一门艺术，一门可以修身养性的艺术。工夫茶还是潮州人热情和好客的一种表现。  
在工夫茶的茶盘上和茶池的壁上见得最多的一句话是：“寒夜客来茶当酒”  
在北方，人们待客是用酒，在潮州，人们待客用的是茶，最有本土特色的工夫茶。  
在潮州，每家每户都有工夫茶，不管到哪都有工夫茶喝。  
潮州人，不管是对什么人，挂在嘴边的话永远是，有闲哩来恩内食茶。（潮州话，意思是：有空的话到我家喝茶。）  
潮州人，不管是在什么时候，只要有客人来，就一定会泡上一泡工夫茶。  
工夫茶，是潮州人生活中一件不可少的东西；平时没事三几个人坐在一起聊天，也是一泡工夫茶；做生意的有客户来还是它，工夫茶。 
工夫茶所用的工具基本上都是陶瓷。  
一盖碗、三茶杯、一茶盘、一茶池、一壶、一锅、一炉。  
盖碗，是用来冲泡茶叶的；三个小茶杯，是用来喝茶用的；茶盘和茶池，一个是用来放三个小茶杯的，一个是放在茶盘下面用来放洗杯的废水。  
壶，是用来存放泡茶所用的水；炉和锅，是烧水用的。 
工夫茶，说它是一门艺术并不为过，因为它的名字是用工夫，没有好的工夫就泡不出一泡好茶。而且，在泡茶的过程还可以看出泡茶和喝茶的人性格是稳重还是急燥。  
潮州的工夫茶是一门易学难懂的艺术，工夫茶的泡法一看就会，它冲泡的步骤就只有那几下很容易学的；但是，这些都只是表面功夫，如果没有人指点说清楚的话，那就只有会而不懂了。  
懂工夫茶的人，他能把茶叶的精华慢慢地泡出来，一泡茶喝到完的时候，茶叶中的精华也被发挥得淋漓尽致。  
潮州的工夫茶所用的茶叶首选是本地的凤凰茶，次之才是其他的茶叶。  
凤凰茶在其他地方并不是很出名，但是它在本地几乎是家家户户都用它。 烽火茶是工夫茶的首选用茶是因为它耐冲泡，一泡能泡很久。  
凤凰茶也跟其他的茶一样，分很多种；清香类是以黄枝香和白叶为主，浓香型是以蜜香的为主。茶也有新老之分，不过，这个新老并不是时间的问题而是茶在制作的过程。  
新茶是属于清香型的，冲泡出来满屋的茶香，入口纷香，喝过之后口里会有一股淡淡的清香。&nbsp,nike; 
老茶是浓香型的，冲泡时有一股淡淡的香味透出，这香味并没有新茶那么香，但却另有一翻迷人之味。一杯入口，那浓郁的香味在口里久久不散。  
凤凰茶中，黄枝香是以春茶为好，茶叶细小有光泽，令人一见便起喜爱之心；白叶却是雪片见著，雪片 茶叶并没有黄枝香那么好看，叶大枝粗，色泽干涩。不过，它冲泡去来并不笔黄枝香差。  
在冲泡工夫茶时，也只有凤凰茶能够仍泡茶的人将其泡茶的技巧运用得淋漓尽致。 
潮州工夫茶冲泡时也很讲究，最重要的一个环节就是放茶叶，因为这是冲泡工夫茶的第一个环节。放入盖碗的茶叶要恰到好处，不能多也不能少。而且在放茶期间，茶叶也不能弄断，不然泡出来的茶就会有点苦涩。  
放茶的量也必须在注水之后，它胀起来时碗盖放下去茶叶不会露出来，而又刚刚和盖碗的容量一样，胀起来的茶也刚好顶的了碗盖的最顶端。  
在冲泡时应该注意的是注水，放好茶的第一次注水是决定一泡茶是否会变味的一个环节。  
很多人都喜欢在第一次注少直接往中间注入，其实这是错误的。因为如果这么做的话，冲泡出来的茶就带有苦涩的味道，茶也会不耐泡了。  
正确的注水方法是应该从碗边注下去，第一次著水可以把水注得满一点，这样那些泡泡就会浮起来，在刮掉的时候也方便一些。刮完沫后，冲泡出来的这第一杯茶是不能喝的；因为那些茶沫是在这一杯茶里面。而这些茶沫含有苦涩的味道，所以一般在冲怕工夫茶第一杯茶通常都是倒掉的。  
工夫茶真正的开始是从第二杯开始，这也是可以真正显示出泡茶技巧的时候了。  
工夫茶的泡法各有不同，茶在冲泡时也各有花样。  
第二次注水也是工夫茶中的第一种泡法。  
第一种泡法的名字是：关公巡城  
泡法：将水从碗边注入，大概注有八成满的时候便把碗盖盖上，再将水沿碗盖和盖碗相接的边缘巡一圈。  
第二种的名字是：韩信点兵  
泡法：第一步和上一种是一样的，先注入八成的水，然后一点一点的把水滴在碗中的茶叶上，最后是把碗盖盖上。  
第三种的名字叫：八宝追夫  
泡法：注水时沿着碗边注入，分八次注，每一次都必须在不同的点上注入，而这八次刚好是沿盖碗一周。  
第四到第九的泡法基本上是一样的，不过每一次注水的点不能在同一个点上，这样九次下来刚好是转了盖碗的一圈。而每一次在将水冲出时，必须是在注水点的相对的点上冲出。而且每一次都必须将碗中的水冲尽，不然的话留下的水在盖碗中浸泡会影响茶的味道，甚至会让茶变得苦涩。 
工夫茶的泡法  
用具：龙井茶、透明玻璃杯、水壶、清水罐、水勺、赏泉杯、赏茶盘、茶匙等。 
（一）初识仙姿  
龙井茶外形扁平光滑，享有色绿、香郁、味醇、形美“四绝”之盛誉。优质龙井茶，通常以清明前采制的为最好，称为明前茶；谷雨前采制的稍逊，称为雨前茶，而谷雨之后的就非上品了。明人田艺衡曾有“烹煎黄金芽，不取谷雨后”之语。  
（二）再赏甘霖  
“龙井茶、虎跑水”是为杭州西湖双绝，冲泡龙井茶必用虎跑水，如此才能茶水交融，相得益彰。虎跑泉的泉水是从砂岩、石英砂中渗出，流量为43.286.4立方米/日。现在将硬币轻轻置于盛满虎跑泉水的赏泉杯中，硬币置于水上而不沉，水面高于杯口而不外溢，表明该水水分子密度高、表面张力大，碳酸钙含量低。请来宾品赏这甘霖清冽的佳泉。  
（三）静心备具  
冲泡高档绿茶要用透明无花的玻璃杯，以便更好地欣赏茶叶在水中上下翻飞、翩翩起舞的仙姿，观赏碧绿的汤色、细嫩的茸毫，领略清新的茶香。冲泡龙井茶更是如此。现在，将水注入将用的玻璃杯，一来清洁杯子，二来为杯子增温。茶是圣洁之物，泡茶人要有一颗圣洁之心。  
（四）悉心置茶  
“茶滋于水，水藉于器”。茶与水的比例适宜，冲泡出来的茶才能不失茶性，双充分展示茶的特色。一般来说，茶叶与水的比例为1：50，即100毫升容量的杯子放入2克茶叶。现将茶叶用茶则从茶仓中轻轻取出，每杯用茶2~3克左右。置茶要心态平静，茶叶勿掉落在杯外。敬茶惜茶，是茶人应有的修养。  
（五）温润茶芽  
采用“回旋斟水法”向杯中注水少许，以1/4杯为宜，温润的目的是浸润茶芽，使干茶吸水舒展，为将要进行的冲泡打好基础。  
（六）悬壶高冲  
温润的茶芽已经散发出一缕清香，这时高提水壶，让水直泻而下，接着利用手腕的力量，上下提拉注水，反复三次，让茶叶在水中翻动。这一冲泡手法，雅称凤凰三点头。凤凰三点头不仅为了泡茶本身的需要，为了显示冲泡者的姿态优美，更是中国传统礼仪的体现。三点头像是对客人鞠躬行礼，是对客人表示敬意，同时也表达了对茶的敬意。  
（七）甘露敬宾  
客来敬茶是中国的传统习俗，也是茶人所遵从的茶训。将自己精心泡制的清茶与新朋老友共赏，别是一番欢愉。让我们共同领略这大自然赐与的绿色精英。  
（八）辨香识韵  
评定一杯茶的优劣，必从色、形、香、味入手。龙井是茶中珍品，素有“色绿、香郁、味甘、形美”四绝佳茗之称。其色澄清碧绿，其形一旗一枪，交错相映，上下沉浮。通常采摘茶叶时，只采嫩芽称“莲心”；一芽一叶，叶似旗、芽似枪，则称为“旗枪”；一芽两叶，叶形卷曲，形似雀舌，故称“雀舌”。闻其香，则是香气清新醇厚，无浓烈之感，细品慢啜，体会齿颊留芳、甘泽润喉的感觉。 
这是比较专业比较科学的冲泡方法，你可以在学习参照之后自行揣摩最适合自己的冲泡方法。

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